RESUMO
Two new C31 triterpenes, polysimiaric acid A (1) and B (2) as well as one new clerodane diterpenoid, 16,16-dimethoxy-cleroda-3,13Z-dien-15-oic acid (3), together with six known compounds were isolated from Polyalthia simiarum. Their structures were determined by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR data. Three new compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against five human tumour cell lines. Compound 3 showed cytotoxic activities against SMMC-7721 with the IC50 value of 22.43 µM.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Diterpenos Clerodânicos/farmacologia , Polyalthia/química , Terpenos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , China , Diterpenos Clerodânicos/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Folhas de Planta/química , Terpenos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
To solve the problem of soil acidification in the cultivation of Codonopsis tangshen, laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate C. tangshen seed germination, seedling growth and soil exchangeable acid, microbial community structure after applying quicklime (QL) and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (CMP). The results showed that QL and CMP treatments significantly improved the survival rate of C. tangshen seedlings from 147.7% to 326.7% and from 270.1% to 311.2%, respectively. The maximum increase rates of the height of C. tangshen seedlings were 516.7% and 546.3%, and that of root length were 798.0% and 679.2% in the treatments of QL and CMP, respectively. 1-4 QL or CMP treatments increased the relative chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity and the content of soluble protein of C. tangshen seedlings, decreased the content of malondialdehyde and superoxide anion radical of seedlings, increased soil pH by 0.88-2.02 units and 0.23-1.19 units, and decreased the exchangeable aluminum content in soil by 53.0%-95.3% and 17.6%-81.3%, respectively. Soil bacterial and actinomycetic abundances were significantly higher in 2-4 QL or CMP treatments than that in the control. Soil fungal abundance was significantly lower in the QL treatment of 2 and CMP treatment of 4. 1-4 QL or CMP treatments significantly increased fresh weight of C. tangshen tubers by 40.5%-78.5% and 28.4%-78.8%, respectively. In conclusion, the suitable quantity of QL and CMP for acidified soil (pH=4.12, ρb=1.15 g·cm-3, tillage layer=15 cm) amendment were 1.73-3.45 t·hm-2 and 3.45-6.90 t·hm-2, and QL and CMP amendment could fit the optimum soil pH (5.5-6.5) for the growth of C. tangshen seedlings.
Assuntos
Codonopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fertilizantes , Fosfatos , Compostos de Cálcio , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Óxidos , SoloRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the absorption and distribution of nitrogenï¼ N ), phosphorusï¼ Pï¼ and potassiumï¼ Kï¼ in Atractylodes macrocephala by field experiment. Methods: The samples of Atractylodes macrocephala were carried out in different growing periods,and the amount of dry matter and the contents of N,P and K in different parts of the plant were determined,respectively. Results: The results showed that one-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala of budding stage and rhizome swelling stage were the key period of rapid nutrient absorption, and the absorbed nutrient element mainly allocated to the aerial part. For the two-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala, flowering stage was the key period of rapid nutrient absorption, and the absorbed nutrient element mainly allocated to the rhizome. The average N,P2O5 and K2O absorption per 100 kg rhizome product in two-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala were 2. 65,0. 91 and 2. 16 kg, respectively. Conclusion: In addition to the appropriate base fertilizer, one-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala cultivation should pay attention to the topdressing during the budding stage and the rhizome swelling stage, while the two-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala cultivation should pay attention to the topdressing during the flowering stage.
